How to Throw a Bowl on the Wheel

Throwing a bowl on the pottery wheel is a time-honored tradition that allows artisans to create functional and beautiful vessels with their own hands. Whether you’re a novice potter eager to learn the craft or an experienced ceramicist refining your skills, mastering the art of throwing bowls offers a deeply satisfying creative experience. From centering the clay to shaping and trimming the vessel, each step in the process requires precision, patience, and a deep understanding of the medium. The pottery wheel offers a dynamic and versatile platform for shaping clay, allowing artisans to experiment with form, texture, and design.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the step-by-step process of how to throw a bowl on the wheel, covering essential techniques, tools, and tips to help you achieve success. Whether you’re creating bowls for practical use or artistic expression, this guide will equip you with the knowledge and confidence to create beautiful and functional ceramic pieces that reflect your unique style and vision.

The Art of Pottery Throwing

Pottery throwing on the wheel is an art form that dates back thousands of years, connecting modern-day potters with ancient traditions. The true essence of pottery throwing lies not just in the final product, but in the process itself — a meditative practice that requires a harmonious blend of concentration, physical coordination, and artistic expression. This craft allows for a unique interaction between human hands and natural materials, where the potter’s wheel facilitates a dance of creation.

Each movement and pressure applied shapes the clay, transforming it from a simple lump to a piece of art. Mastering this art involves learning the language of clay, understanding its responses to touch, and adapting techniques to bring one’s vision to life. For many, pottery throwing becomes a form of personal expression and a path to mindfulness, as they center not only the clay on the wheel but also themselves in the moment.

Benefits of Creating Pottery on the Wheel

Creating pottery on the wheel is not just about making something from clay; it’s an engaging process that offers profound benefits beyond the tactile experience. Physical Benefits include the development of fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination as one learns to control and manipulate the clay. This activity can also be a gentle yet effective way to strengthen the muscles in the hands, wrists, and arms through the repetitive motions of shaping and centering the clay.

Mental and Emotional Benefits are just as significant. The focus required in pottery making can lead to a meditative state, reducing stress and promoting a sense of well-being. This form of creative expression allows individuals to channel their emotions into their work, providing an outlet for stress and anxiety. The process of throwing pots on the wheel requires patience and persistence, teaching valuable lessons in mindfulness and acceptance of imperfection.

Educational Benefits stem from the deep learning about materials, processes, and history inherent in the craft. Pottery enthusiasts gain an appreciation for the art form’s rich history and the science behind the clay and glazes. This knowledge enriches the pottery-making experience, connecting the creator to the long tradition of ceramic arts across cultures.

Furthermore, Social Benefits emerge from sharing the pottery-making experience with others, whether in a class, workshop, or informal gathering. The pottery community is known for its supportive and collaborative nature, offering opportunities for friendship and mutual inspiration.

In sum, creating pottery on the wheel is a multifaceted activity that nourishes the body, mind, and soul. It opens up avenues for personal growth, emotional expression, and community building, making it a deeply rewarding pursuit.

Understanding the Pottery Wheel

The pottery wheel is the heart of the wheel-throwing process, a tool that has evolved over thousands of years from simple manual devices to sophisticated electric machines. Understanding how to use the pottery wheel is foundational for any potter aiming to master bowl throwing. It consists of a circular spinning platform powered by foot or electricity, upon which the clay is shaped. The speed of the wheel can be adjusted, allowing the potter to control the pace of work according to the demands of the piece being created.

Types of Pottery Wheels

There are primarily two types of pottery wheels: manual (kick wheels) and electric. Manual wheels require the potter to use their foot to kick or spin the wheel, offering a direct connection to the shaping process, and can be beneficial for learning control and pacing. Electric wheels, on the other hand, offer consistent speed and power, making them ideal for potters who produce a large volume of work or require precise control for intricate designs.

Key Components

• The Wheel Head: This is the flat platform where the clay is placed. It’s usually made of metal and sometimes includes bat pins for securing bats, which are flat surfaces that the clay is thrown upon.
• The Foot Pedal: In electric wheels, the foot pedal controls the speed of the wheel head, giving the potter the ability to change speeds smoothly as they shape the clay.
• The Splash Pan: Surrounding the wheel head, the splash pan catches excess water and clay, keeping the working area clean.
• The Motor (for Electric Wheels): The power source for the wheel, determining its speed range and strength.

Choosing the Right Wheel

Choosing the right pottery wheel depends on personal preferences, the type of pieces being created, and the space available. New potters might start with a classroom wheel or a portable electric model, while more experienced artisans may opt for a high-end wheel with specific features that cater to their style of work. Regardless of the choice, the key is finding a wheel that feels comfortable and intuitive, as this builds the foundation for developing one’s skills in the craft.

Understanding the pottery wheel is just the beginning. With practice, potters learn to harness its potential, translating thoughts and emotions into unique pieces of pottery. The wheel becomes not just a tool but an extension of the potter’s hands, capturing the essence of their creativity in clay.

Gathering Necessary Materials

Before you begin your pottery project, it’s essential to gather all the necessary materials. This preparation ensures a smooth and uninterrupted crafting experience. Here’s a checklist of items you’ll need to start creating pottery on the wheel:

• Clay: Choose a clay body suitable for wheel throwing, such as stoneware or porcelain. Each type of clay has its own characteristics and suits different project requirements.
• Pottery Tools: This includes a variety of tools such as ribs (for shaping), wire cutters (for slicing the clay), needle tools (for trimming), and loop or ribbon tools (for carving and hollowing out). Also, a sponge and a few wooden or rubber ribs for smoothing surfaces are useful.
• Bats: These are removable flat surfaces that attach to the wheel head, making it easier to move your piece without disturbing it.
• Water Bucket: A necessary item for keeping your hands and clay well-lubricated during the wheel throwing process.
• Towels and Aprons: Pottery can be messy, so having towels and an apron handy is crucial for staying clean.
• A Workspace: Ensure you have a comfortable, well-lit space with plenty of room to work and store your tools and materials.
• Kiln: While not immediately necessary for the initial shaping of pottery, a kiln is essential for firing your pieces, making them hard and durable.
• Glazes: For finishing your pieces, you’ll need a selection of glazes compatible with your clay body and firing temperature.

Gathering these materials in advance will set the foundation for a successful pottery making session, allowing you to focus on the artistry of your work rather than the logistics.

Selecting the Right Clay

Choosing the appropriate clay is crucial in pottery, as it significantly affects the workability, strength, and final appearance of your pieces. There are several types of clay available, each with its unique properties and suitable applications.

• Earthenware: This is one of the oldest materials used in pottery. It’s highly plastic, making it easy to shape. After firing, it remains porous and is ideal for making decorative items or pottery that doesn’t need to hold liquid.
• Stoneware: A popular choice for functional ware, stoneware is known for its durability and strength. It is less porous than earthenware once fired and can range in color from light gray to brown, depending on the minerals within the clay body and the firing temperature.
• Porcelain: Valued for its beauty and delicacy, porcelain has a fine grain and is known for its whiteness and translucency after firing. It is somewhat more challenging to work with than earthenware or stoneware due to its less plastic nature.
• Raku: Specifically formulated for the Raku firing process, this type of clay can withstand thermal shock, making it ideal for the quick heating and cooling method used in Raku pottery.

When selecting clay, consider the final use of your pottery piece, the desired finish, and your personal preferences in workability and texture. Experimenting with different clays can also help you understand their unique qualities and how they respond to various forming, drying, and firing conditions.

Preparing the Clay and Wheel

Before you can begin shaping your pottery on the wheel, it’s essential to properly prepare both the clay and the wheel. This preparation ensures that your pottery-making process is as smooth and efficient as possible. Here are the key steps in preparing the clay and the wheel for throwing:

Preparing the Clay

1. Wedging the Clay: This is a crucial step to align the clay particles and remove air bubbles, which could cause your pottery to crack or explode during firing. The process involves kneading the clay on a flat surface in a rocking and rolling motion, similar to dough, until it’s homogenous and smooth.
2. Weighing and Cutting: Depending on the size of the piece you plan to throw, weigh out an appropriate amount of clay. Use a wire clay cutter to slice off a piece from your larger block of clay. Having a consistent weight of clay for similar pieces can help in maintaining uniformity in your work.

Preparing the Wheel

1. Cleaning: Start by cleaning the wheel head, splash pan, and surrounding area. Any remnants of clay or sludge from previous sessions can interfere with your current project. A clean wheel also ensures better adhesion of the clay to the wheel head.
2. Securing Bats (if using): If you’re using bats, make sure to attach them securely to the wheel head. This is especially important for larger pieces that may be too heavy to lift directly off the wheel without distorting their shape.
3. Applying Water: Lightly sprinkle water on the wheel head before placing your clay. This helps the clay to stick better and allows for smoother movements when centering.

By meticulously preparing the clay and wheel, you set the stage for a more enjoyable and productive pottery session. Each step, from wedging the clay to cleaning the wheel, plays a critical role in the outcome of your pottery projects, ultimately enhancing the overall quality and satisfaction in your craft.

10 Methods How to Throw a Bowl on the Wheel

Method 1: Prepare Your Workspace and Materials

Before you begin throwing a bowl, ensure that your pottery wheel is clean and in good working condition. Gather all the necessary materials, including clay, water, pottery tools, a sponge, and a wire cutter. Wedge the clay thoroughly to remove air bubbles and ensure uniform consistency.

Method 2: Center the Clay on the Wheel

Place a lump of clay onto the center of the pottery wheel head and use your hands to center it. Apply even pressure from both sides to stabilize the clay and prevent wobbling. Use the wheel’s pedal to rotate the clay at a moderate speed while centering.

Method 3: Open the Clay to Form the Bowl Base

With the clay centered, use your thumbs to press down into the center of the clay to create an indentation. Slowly widen the indentation to form the base of the bowl, keeping the walls even in thickness. Use your fingers to compress the clay and remove any air pockets.

Method 4: Pull Up the Walls of the Bowl

Once the base is formed, wet your hands and gently pull up the walls of the bowl using a lifting motion. Apply consistent pressure as you work your way up the walls, gradually increasing the height of the bowl. Use your fingertips to maintain an even thickness throughout the walls.

Method 5: Shape and Define the Bowl

As the bowl takes shape, use a rib tool to refine the form and smooth the surface. Pay attention to the curvature of the bowl’s profile, ensuring a pleasing and symmetrical shape. Use light, sweeping motions with the rib tool to remove excess clay and create a clean finish.

Method 6: Create a Foot Ring (Optional)

If desired, create a foot ring on the bottom of the bowl to elevate it slightly and improve its stability. Use a trimming tool to carve away excess clay from the base of the bowl, leaving a raised ring around the perimeter. Smooth the edges of the foot ring with a sponge or rib tool.

Method 7: Trim and Finish the Bowl

Once the bowl is formed to your satisfaction, use a wire cutter to carefully remove it from the pottery wheel head. Trim any excess clay from the base of the bowl using a trimming tool, ensuring a clean and level surface. Smooth the edges and refine the form as needed.

Method 8: Allow the Bowl to Dry Slowly and Evenly

Place the bowl on a ware board or drying rack and allow it to dry slowly and evenly to prevent cracking or warping. Cover the bowl loosely with plastic to slow down the drying process and minimize moisture loss. Check the bowl regularly for signs of drying and adjust ventilation as needed.

Method 9: Bisque Fire the Bowl

Once the bowl is completely dry, bisque fire it in a kiln according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Gradually increase the temperature to around 1800°F (982°C) to remove any remaining moisture and strengthen the clay body. Allow the bowl to cool completely before handling.

Method 10: Glaze and Fire the Bowl (Optional)

If desired, glaze the bowl using your preferred glaze technique and fire it in the kiln for a final firing. Apply glaze evenly to the surface of the bowl using a brush, dip, or spray method. Fire the bowl at the appropriate temperature for the glaze you’re using, typically between 2000°F and 2200°F (1093°C and 1204°C).

Conclusion

In conclusion, throwing a bowl on the pottery wheel is a timeless art form that offers both challenge and fulfillment to artisans of all skill levels. Through mastering techniques such as centering, opening, pulling, shaping, and trimming, potters can transform a lump of clay into a beautifully crafted vessel. The process of throwing bowls allows for endless experimentation with form, texture, and decoration, providing ample opportunities for artistic expression and personal style.

Whether you’re creating functional dinnerware or decorative pieces, the satisfaction of shaping clay with your hands and witnessing its transformation into a finished bowl is unparalleled. Thanks for reading, and we hope this has given you some inspiration on how to throw a bowl on the wheel!